失业生

ウクライナ戦争開始から満4年――プーチン大統領の「隠された意図」を前ロシア大使が読み解く_我的网站

A |     「ロシアは謎の中の謎に包まれた謎である（Russia is a riddle wrapped in a mystery inside an enigma.）」――第二次世界大戦中の英国首相ウインストン・チャーチルのことばは、今なお当てはまるのではないか。ロシアがウクライナに進行したのは2022年の2月24日。あれから4年間にわたる戦闘で両国とも甚大な損害を被っているが、出口はなかなか見えない。【写真を見る】本心を悟らせない男「プーチン」　本音が隠されている 　大きな原因は、世界史に汚名を残す戦争を仕掛けたプーチン大統領の本当の狙いがわからないことだ。

B | 戦争終結のカギを握る男は、いったい何を考えているのか。2022年まで8年間にわたり特命全権大使としてロシアに駐在した上月豊久氏（千葉工業大学特別教授、東海大学国際学部教授 兼 平和戦略国際研究所所長）に聞いた。    

    Adelie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) on fast ice with tourists walking in the background, Bourgeois Fjord, Marguerite Bay, Antarctica. Photo: VCG
Joint research by Chinese and international scientists have found that the rate of long-term Antarctic mass loss has slowed, driven by sea surface temperature anomalies in the remote tropical warm pool, China Central Television (CCTV) reported on Thursday, citing a statement released by the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). 
The Antarctic ice sheet is one of the major sources of uncertainty in global sea-level rise forecasts. From 2003 to 2024, the Antarctic ice sheet lost an average of approximately 140.5 billion tons each year, CCTV reported. 
However, Chinese and foreign scientists have found that the Antarctic ice sheet gained roughly 695 billion tons between July 2021 and April 2023, the largest 22-month mass gain seen in nearly two decades via satellite gravimetry, the Institute of Oceanology, CAS announced on Thursday.
The scientists found out that from 2021 to 2023, sustained heavy snowfall in East Antarctica led to significant increases in snow accumulation, partially offsetting the ongoing ice loss in West Antarctica. 
The scientists' research shows that this was caused by tropical ocean-driven atmospheric processes that altered moisture transport pathways and increased snowfall over Antarctica. 
The research was conducted by the research team at the Institute of Oceanology at CAS, along with peers from countries including the US, Hungary and Japan. It was published in the academic journal Nature on Wednesday. 
According to Wang Yunhe, first author of the research paper and an associate research fellow at the Institute of Oceanology, sea surface temperatures in the tropical western Pacific warm pool remained unusually warm from 2021 to 2023. As one of the regions with the highest sea surface temperatures and strongest heat release into the atmosphere worldwide, changes in this region can reshape atmospheric circulation. 
The persistently warmer-than-normal seawater triggered large-scale atmospheric waves. 
After reaching the high latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere, the waves reshaped wind patterns and moisture transport pathways. Moisture-tracking simulations show that water vapor from the mid-latitude Indian Ocean fueled heavy snowfall in East Antarctica, leading to a recovery in ice sheet mass. 
Observations and climate simulations suggest that such warming events occur roughly once a decade. But these temporary pauses are not enough to reverse Antarctica's long-term ice loss. The West Antarctic ice sheet continues to shrink, while parts of East Antarctica remain increasingly vulnerable to warmer ocean waters melting ice shelves from below and speeding the flow of glaciers into the sea.
The study shows how persistent warming in the tropical warm pool can contribute to the recovery of Antarctic ice-sheet mass, highlighting the role of East Antarctic atmospheric circulation in connecting tropical climate shifts with changes in the ice sheet. The findings point to a previously overlooked climate link between the tropical warm pool and East Antarctica, offering a new perspective on how distant climate systems may shape the continent's future.
Global Times
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Published on:07:39:17